Rulers That Followed the Prince by Machiavelli Essay Example for Free

Rulers That Followed the Prince by Machiavelli Essay Niccolà ² Machiavelli suggested in The Prince that a ruler should behave as both a fox and a lion, being both loved and feared. There are clever rulers who were strategic, courageous rulers who were effective, and successful rulers who possessed both qualities. Elizabeth I of England and Henery IV of France were two great rulers from Europe that were able to personify Machiavellis advice. Elizabeth I of England was able to act as a fox by preventing England from being torn apart over matters of religion. By repealing The Catholic Legislation of Mary Tudors reign, she was able to make the New Act of Supremacy which dsignated her as the supreme govenor of spritual and temporal affairs. Also she restored the church service of the Book of Common Prayer, but was clever enough to make some revisions to make it more acceptable for Catholics. With keeping her subjects out conflict, she also made sure that her power within England remained preserved. She didnt marry anyone, because if she did, the real power would then belong to the king. Maintaining her power outside England ment keeping Spain under control. The Sea Beggars were an international group of anti-Spain pirates. Elizabeth made a secret alliance with the Sea Beggars, and sent them to the Netherlands to fight the Spainish. To make sure she was exempt from international problems because of her tie with the Sea Beggars, she immediately diassociated England from the doings of the Sea Begggars. With doing clever and sniky things to maintain Englands power, she added courageous things to her list of accomplishements. One of her greatest challenges was her cousin, Queen Mary of Scots. Being that she was next in line to the English throne, Mary was a huge threath to Elizabeths power. After fleeing from Scotland to England, she was put under house arrest by Elizabeth. In 1587, Mary was finally excuted after being caught in a plot to over throw Elizabeth. This direct action kept Elizabeth out of threat within England. But the execution of Mary, sparked a Spanish Armada invasion in England. Under the guidances of Elizabeth, the swift English ships were able to batter out Spanish and be victorious. Elizabeth showed much leadership and strength in defeating the Spanish. She heeded Machiavellis advice and was able to drive England towards a prosporous Golden Age of wealth and power. Henry IV of France was able to act as a fox by evaluating what mattered more to him. When Henry converted to Catholosism out of being a Hugenot during the Saint Bartholomews Day Massacre, it was clear that he valued his own life over religion. Even when he coverted back to Calvinism afterwards, he soon relized his valued of being in power over religion would cause him to convert, once again, back into Catholism. â€Å"Paris is worth a Mass, he said as he gave into the Roman Catholic Church for the leadership of France. This value of state over religion made him a politique, believing that no religious truth was worth the ravages of cicil war. He kept France from futher civil war by issuing the Edict of Nantes which acknowledged Catholicism as th official religion of France but guaranteed the Hugenots the rights to worship. He was wise to recognize that tolerance can help establish peace in his nation and also to convert to Cathalosism because of their bigger population in France. Along with being able to weigh out which decisions would help maintain a peaceful France, he was also able to roll in more power for himself. Appionting The Duke of Sully as his finance minister was a major step in gaining power and wealth. Sully reformed the tax collection system to make it more equitable and efficient, improved transportation, stimulated trade and industry, and fostered prosperity. These economic improvment gave Henry power. With his power under stable condition, Henry looked to forgien affairs. Henry saw the Religious Wars as an opportunity to divide up the Holy Roman Empire so he attacked, but since he was a politique he battled over politics and not religion. Though he instilled fear in his subject, he was able to gain the popularity of people because of his informal dress and a strong wit and charm. He had many things to take care of in and out of France, however, he took this bold move because knew his power would remain if people liked him. By Elizabeths creation of the Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity, her refusal of marriage, her secret alliance with the Sea Beggars, her execution of Mary, and her victory over the Spanish Armada, she was able to bring England to a Golden Age. By Henrys adoption of the Edict of Nantes, appointing of The Duke of Sully, munipilzing the Religious Wars to his needs, and being friendly with his subjects, Henry was able to secure France as a power in Europe. By following the advice of Machiavelli, Elizabeth I of England and Henry IV of France were able to strengthen their countries, with Elizabeth being a little better at it than Henry.

Mobilize Leaders to Accelerate Results :: essays research papers

Mobilize Leaders to Accelerate Results http://www.iveybusinessjournal.com/view_article.asp?intArticle_ID=538   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this article coauthors, Brian Brittain, John Swain and Janice Simpson outline three tactics that have succeeded in unleashing productive energy and accelerating business results for organizations that have used them in a conscious and disciplined manner. Moreover, the ideas discussed in the writing are heavily related to the concepts confered by Chapter 12 in the textbook referring to strategic leadership. Specifically, Figure 12.4 shows a diagram of an exercise for gaining effective leadership. The author's ideology for their 3 common practices of strategic tactics known as; Beyond the cascade, Live the Story, and Implement a Sustaining Leadership Strategy are easily reflected by the materials are similar to the 3 directions of the exercise.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the fast-changing global workplace, there is no longer one organizational structure that can be used universally to increase organizational performance. Change is the only constant in today's global, knowledge-based economy. Leaders need skills necessary to think and act strategically in translating mission into objectives, developing plans and programs to accomplish objectives, and to implement plans and programs. Each organization, department, and division must define the best systems and structures for its specific vision, mission, strategies, and competencies. The leader must get input and support from the experts who are busy doing the work of the organization and create alignment with customers and stakeholders. The International manager/executive as well as public sector executives and manager should create a road map to build organizational systems that are dynamic, flexible, and outcome focused that are successful in creating high performance. Some pra ctical results I found to be important include:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1) Link organizational competencies to outcomes and results defined in your   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  strategic plan.

The Impact Of Personality And Gender Of Branding Decisions

Personality and gender have an impact on branding decisions and reactions by consumers. Therefore, it would serve businesses well if products and services are shaped around customer preferences, knowing their unique and particular needs, and their sense of aesthetics. An evidence to support this contention is a study called ‘visual marketing’ in which participants were shown a slide containing stimuli for testing while an eye-tracking equipment monitored their eye movements. Afterwards, they were asked to indicate how much they liked/disliked the stimuli.Results showed that there is a clear correlation between the number of fixations on an image and subsequent spontaneous and prompted recall of that stimulus. There is also a better recall of images the participants had liked. This means, therefore, that when advertising or branding a product, the emphasis should be the need to know and understand the target audience, and what they like to see. Factors like space, color, imagery or details were found to have an effect on the beholder.For example, children would associate dark colors with negative emotions while happy emotions for bright ones. They would also prefer large figures to smaller ones. While the marketing rule stipulates that the costumer should always be the focus, however, the factor of the creator and the â€Å"production aesthetic† may deter the accomplishment of this end. Creatives tend to impose their personalities in their creations. Each creative has his/her own sense of self which always, consciously or unconsciously, come out through the work.Behind the brands out there in the market could be the reflection of personalities of the creatives who made them. An implication of this is that creatives will tend to produce work that reflects their own career aspirations, creative impulses, ethics and beliefs. They would produce advertising that appeal to themselves. They would produce work that they find appealing and interesting to them instead of to the consumers, contradictory to the marketing idea that the consumer preferences should take precedence over that of the creatives.Aside from aesthetic preferences, the gender of the creative also affects the branding of products. Gender affects the graphic expression of the individual. One’s shape, color, detailing and perspective preferences are usually associated with the gender one belongs to. To ensure that the product or service appeals to the target consumer, the ‘production aesthetic’ and the ‘preference aesthetic’ should be the same.The personality and gender of the creatives should be aligned with the consumers. Recruiters should hire marketing staff members whose personalities and genders are congruent to the external stakeholders. In an era of high competition, delivering products that appeal to specific customer segments is a high priority. Reference for the journal: Authors: Moss, Gloria Source: The Journal of Bra nd Management, Volume 14, Number 4, 1 April 2007 , pp. 279-300 Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan

The Impact Of Poverty On Children s Development And Early...

FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Miami, Florida AN ANALYSIS OF ARTICLES RELATED TO: The impact of poverty on children’s development and early childhood programs A literature review submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the course SPS6805 To Dr. Phil Lazarus by Jessica R. Rothman Fall 2014 The purpose of this literature review was to review articles examining the influence poverty may or may not have on young children. Additionally, after determining risks children living in poverty face, a review of literature studying early intervention preschool programs and how they may aid in reducing some of the risks for those children. Most research is consistent with suggesting that early†¦show more content†¦Clear associations between nutritional deficiencies and psychosocial effects have been made. However, the results of the study indicated malnutrition impact on development of infants and toddlers was unknown, but malnutrition in children led to iron-deficiency anemia (Skalicky et al., 2006). An additional study focused on the iron-deficiency concern that exists among low-income toddlers in the United States (Crowel et al., 2005). Even though the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia has declined in the last three to four decades, it continues to be a major health concern for low-income infants and toddlers in the United States (Crowel et al., 2005). Research has connected iron-deficiency in early childhood with an increased risk for developmental delays (Crowel et al., 2005). Most clinicians reported that all parents were advised to orally give medication to children with anemia; however for low-income families administering iron was not a priority (Crowel et al., 2005). Iron deficiency anemia was seen as a minor issue for many low-income parents, because it is a struggle for them to even financially support their families and ultimately parents regularly have the means to provide the medication for their children (Crowel et al., 2005). Not only does research support that iron deficiency causes delays for young children, but some previous research also suggests other health risks may link to development. Welsch,

Juvenile Delinquency And Labeling Theory - 2511 Words

Juvenile Delinquency and Labeling Theory Kallie Maglione St. John’s University CRM 119 Juvenile Delinquency Dr. Marquis R. White October 23, 2014 Bartusch, D. J., Matsueda, R. L. (1996). Gender, reflected appraisals, and labeling: A cross-group test of an interactionist theory of delinquency. Social Forces, 75(1), 145. Focuses mainly on interactionist theory but uses labeling theory as a type of interaction that affects delinquency. Labeling specifically in relation to gender, used to explain the gender gap in juvenile delinquency. Used data from the 1976 National Youth Survey, a longitudinal study, uses a multistage cluster sampling, sample includes 1,725 11-17 year-olds, using the first three annual waves of data. Used personal interviews to collect self-report of delinquency, parents appraisals of their children, and youths reflected appraisals of themselves from the standpoint of parents, friends, and teachers. Labeling theory implies that males are more likely than females to be labeled delinquent, in part because they engage in more objective acts of rule violation, and in part because common stereotypes portray delinquency as a male phenomenon. Except status offenses, which are more often reported for and enforced on females rather than males. Believed that females may be more relationship -oriented, making them more sensitive to public opinion. The labeling process is more consequential for females than for males is also unsupported.Show MoreRelatedThe Labeling Theory For Juvenile Delinquency1577 Words   |  7 PagesThe Labeling Theory The labeling theory addresses deviants and puts concern on behaviors that other theories do not. Most theories are primarily concerned with why individuals commit more crime. Rather than analyzing the occurrence of crimes among social groups, the labeling theory challenge us to truly understand deviants and what it means to be categorized as a deviant individual. Unlike the control theories that assumes all of us must be held in check or â€Å"controlled† if we are to resist the temptationRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And How It Is Social Control Theory, Labeling, And Crime Essay2360 Words   |  10 PagesJuvenile Delinquency and How it Relates to Social Control Theory, Labeling Perspective, Aggressiveness and Crime Pat Akers Howard Payne University Abstract This paper explores three topics (Social Control Theory, Labeling Perspective, Aggressiveness and Crime) and explores how they relate through Juvenile Delinquency. Social Control Theory is what occurs when young adults do not have a good foundational upbringing from their parents and as such, they will tend to stray into more deviant behaviorsRead MoreRelationship Between Police Intervention And Juvenile Delinquency1459 Words   |  6 PagesStephanie A. Wiley and Finn-Aage Esbensen’s article (2016) research the relationship between police intervention and juvenile delinquency and what polices are ideal for deterring deviance amplification. There are two main theories that initiate America’s juvenile justice system: labeling and deterrence. Essentially, labeling proponents believe that official intervention increases delinquency and, oppositely, deterrence theorists argue that it cracks down on deviancy. Wiley et al. (2016:283) want to â€Å"informRead MoreThe Concep t Of Labeling Of Juvenile Delinquents By Members Of Their Society1733 Words   |  7 Pages5 DB 1 The Interactionist Approach We are beginning to see more than often, labeling of juvenile delinquents by members of their society. The term labeling theory explains how labeling tends to applied members of society, whether it is formally or informally, and the type of effect these labeling can have on juveniles and deterrence. Akers Sellers, (2009), Bernard, Snipes, Gerould, (2010), states that the labeling theorists assert that society creates deviance by creating laws, and they tendRead MoreFor the purpose of this research, the proposed theories that will be used are Agnew’s General600 Words   |  3 Pagesresearch, the proposed theories that will be used are Agnew’s General Strain Theory and Labeling Theory. Robert Agnew is one the most recognizable theorist in the criminal justice profession. General Strain Theory is influential very influential with explaining juvenile delinquency. Agnew’s Strain theory is not the main theory of this research but when examining juvenile delinquency as a whole and the beginning it gives an explanation for that not in social science. This theory is used as the basicRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System Design A Program That Will Fit Into The Kids Lifestyle957 Words   |  4 Pagespolicy, the state act through a Juvenile Court Judge when a child is delinquent, abandoned or need parental care. Also â€Å"Parens patriae† occur if the natural parents are incompetent to control their children. In this case the juvenile justice system design a program that will fit into the kids lifestyle as should have been done by his or her natural parents. 2. What is the difference between delinquency and a status offense and give one example of each. Delinquency is a criminal behavior, which isRead MoreWhy People Commit The Crime Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesCriminological theory is the explanation of criminal behavior, as well as the behavior of juveniles, attorneys, prosecutors, judges, correctional personnel, victims, and other actors in the criminal justice process. Criminological theory is important because most of what is done in criminal justice is based on criminological theory, whether we or the people who propose and implement policies based on the theory know it or not. In criminology, examining why people commit the crime is very importantRead MoreContributing Factors to Juvenile Delinquency1620 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile delinquency, according to Agnew and Brezina, is the violation of the law by a minor which is any persons under the age of 18 in most states. There are many contributing factors to juvenile delinquency such as domestic issues or stress at school, and there are also four different theories, st rain, social learning, control, and labeling, to explain the different prospective of why it is thought that juveniles commence in delinquent behavior. This particular discussion however, is going toRead MoreLabeling Youths...and The Consequences Thereof1394 Words   |  6 Pagesthem and whether or not they become an outsider. Labeling youths is an unnecessary evil that often times changes children into criminals. To understand labeling we must first look at its definition. Labeling Theory is a theoretical approach to deviant behavior, basically stating that applying formal definitions to an individual results in a negative self-concept that may subsequently provide motivation for further acts of deviance. (Rush 203) Labeling became a popular perspective during the 1960sRead MoreGender Roles : The Juvenile Justice System1244 Words   |  5 PagesGender Roles in the Juvenile Justice System What role does gender play at the various stages of the juvenile justice system? Gender plays an enormous role in the juvenile justice system; both boys and girls have their fair share of run-ins with the Juvenile Justice System, but now more so than ever, females crime rates have increased. In some instances within the juvenile justice system, it may appear that boys and girls are comparable; however there are differences, even though they are subtle.

Essay on Feminism and Modern Feminist Theory - 1068 Words

Feminism is a body of social theory and political movement primarily based on and motivated by the experiences of women. While generally providing a critique of social relations, many proponents of feminism also focus on analyzing gender inequality and the promotion of womens rights, interests, and issues. Feminist theory aims to understand the nature of gender inequality and focuses on gender politics, power relations and sexuality. Feminist political activism campaigns on issues such as reproductive rights, domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, sexual harassment, discrimination and sexual violence. Themes explored in feminism include discrimination, stereotyping, objectification, sexual objectification, oppression and†¦show more content†¦Some find that the prioritization of oppression and the universalization of the idea of Woman, which was part of traditional Radical feminist thinking, too generic, and that women in other countries would never experience the same experience of being woman than women in Western countries did. Some radical feminists advocate separatism—a complete separation of male and female in society and culture—while others question not only the relationship between men and women, but the very meaning of man and woman as well. Some argue that gender roles, gender identity, and sexuality are themselves social constructs. For these feminists, feminism is a primary means to human liberation. Liberal feminism is a form of feminism that argues that equality for women can be achieved through legal means and social reform, and that men as a group need not be challenged. Liberal feminism is a somewhat conservative form of feminism by today’s standards, although it is rooted classically in liberalism. Liberal feminism leans towards an equality of sameness with men (not a difference feminism). Liberal feminism conceives of politics in individualistic terms and looks to reform present liberal practices in society, rather than advocating for a wholesale revolutionary change. Feminist writers associated with this tradition are amongst others Mary Wollstonecraft, John Stuart Mill and second wave feminist BettyShow MoreRelatedFeminism And Its Impact On Women1223 Words   |  5 Pages Feminism by definition is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. So feminism has a dictionary definition, but when it comes to feminists and feminism there are so many different personal definitions that people and groups hold. Feminism has been around for quite a while. There is evidence of women fighting for their equality for the past twenty-four centuries. If you’re looking for an actual date you might be out of luck. What can be said from The Oxford EnglishRead MoreFeminism Is Defined As The Theory Of Political, Economic,1011 Words   |  5 PagesFeminism is defined as the theory of political, economic, and social equality of the sexes. (Definition of Feminism) and also as the organized activity on behalf of women s rights and interests. (Definition of Feminism). If one would look in-depth into Feminism they would see that there are three waves of Feminism. Now not all types or waves of feminism is wrong, but third wave, or the most re cent, should not be supported, because they often tell myths that are just not true or usually use aRead MoreFeminist Theory And International Human Rights786 Words   |  4 Pagesinteraction of feminist theories and international human rights discourses as detailed in UN documents. The UN has advanced women’s rights by introducing a new human rights discourse, and by offering a place for interaction among women from different parts of the world. Women have used these opportunities from the UN to push several different feminist theoretical frameworks. The author examines the interaction of these various feminist. theories. She is drawing attention to the gap between theory and praxisRead MoreModern Day Feminism : The Fight For Equal Rights1589 Words   |  7 PagesModern-day Feminism The definition of feminism states â€Å"the belief that men and woman should have equal rights and opportunities† (â€Å"feminism†). Modern feminism is no longer about equality and is in fact counterproductive to the cause. The fight for equal rights has been transformed into a fight for privilege, waged against causes insignificant in the big picture of gender equality; causes like manspreading, cat calls, air conditioning, and representation in video games. We are waging a war in aRead MoreWomen s First Wave Of Feminism Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1960’s first wave of feminism in literature brought about the importance of understanding and studying Women’s History, and the reasons behind origins of the Feminist theory and the feminist movement and gender binaries. Newfound research pertaining to female History helps us to better understand modern social constructs and how they were established. Starting with the late eighteenth century, which m arks the transition from pre-industrialization to the emergence of economic development in EuropeRead More Feminism Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst feminist wave’, aimed to challenge the idea of women being the inferior sex and demanded equal rights. This ‘so called’ first wave ended with the ‘Royal Assent to the Representation of the People Parliament Act’ being passed in 1918, which granted women the ability to vote and recognised females as equal citizens (Fraisse, 1993). Following work will assay the position of women in today’s society and barriers that prevent gender equality. The focus will be on the conflict between feminist idealsRead MoreFeminism : The, Or Man Hating912 Words   |  4 Pagesthat you would probably receive from many people if you were to ask them about feminism. This is far from the true meaning of feminism. Feminism is about so much more than hating men, or even just mending the oppressions within a gender bin ary. My definition of feminist theory is looking at and analyzing a variety of different oppressions and maltreatments, particularly those within gender; furthermore, feminist theory focuses on how these oppressions come to be and how they influence society, withRead MoreFeminism : A Heavy Stigma Surrounding The Word `` Feminism `` Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesthe word â€Å"feminism†, saying it out loud evokes emotional responses from many people. During my conversations, I received many casual responses to feminism, or rather the traditional, â€Å"I believe in equality† response. I also received some negative responses from people that did not approve with modern day feminism, or believed that we had already achieved equality. And finally, I received some very strong — yet positive — responses to feminism, however, these people explained that feminism itself isRead MoreFeminism And The Postmodern Feminist Theory1596 Words   |  7 PagesThe evoluti on of feminist theory from a modern to a postmodern viewpoint stands to correct the injustices of historically liberal feminism. For some time, grand narratives have governed the ideas of self and gender from a single experience of â€Å"man†. Traditionally, modern feminism aimed to eradicate the hegemonic theory of inferiority by women to the male gender. Postmodern feminism aspires to eliminate categories of gender altogether, for the social construct of gender is considered to disregardRead MoreThe Definition Of Modern Day Feminism1116 Words   |  5 PagesDefinition of Modern Day Feminism â€Å"Feminist: a person who believes in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes.† This is what Beyonce, one of the most famous and influential Women of Color in the past decade, claims in her 2014 VMA performance, with a large, shining backdrop of the word ‘feminist’ behind her. This quickly became one of the most direct and most widely-known displays of her feminist beliefs, and Beyonce is far from the only celebrity who has shown the modern world that

Social Media in Psychological Discourse-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Social Media in Psychological Discourse. Answer: The following paper is going to find out the basic change in the mode of using social media by the Singaporean youth. This paper succinctly elucidates while analyzing a case study on the tendency of youth population in Singapore while uploading pictures in several social media cites. According to a survey conducted by Singapore Polytechnic Diploma in Media and Communication, 89.1 % of the respondents agreed to the fact that they would not falsify or manipulate the information in the social media so that they look impressive to the world. However, survey has found that 94.2 % Singaporean social media users are practice caution and 42.7 % were fund to have edited their photos. Such practices evidently states that social media cites play a major role in determining the changes in human life- specifically the youths. Most of the social media users in the country were found to be females (Roese 2014). The theory of impression management has been linked with the discussion. Impression management is a process of consciousness or sub-consciousness that helps people influence or impact upon the perception of one about the other or the self. With effective social interaction the perception of a person is impacted upon (Pervin 2015). In order to analyze the psychological factors behind such activities, different other social psychological theories ought to be taken in to certain consideration. There are four different theirs encompassing the concept of social psychology. These are: Role Theory Reinforcement Theory Cognitive Theory Symbolic Interactionism Evolutionary Theory According to role theory of social psychology, human being behaves on the basis of social status. Since social status is a predetermined process of social allocation of human being, it always remains varied with different class structure. On the other hand, the reinforcement theory deals with the behavioral factor of an individual. The behavioral pattern is stringently associated with the social behavior of the individuals. As a matter of fact, this social orientation of human behavior adversely or positively impacts upon the psychological discourses of human being. Day to day practice is also devised through those behavioral interpretations. The other important theoretical acceptance has been cognitive theory. It asserts the mental activity. It somehow differs from the traits of reinforcement theory. While reinforcement theory focuses on observable behavior thus trying to comprehend the behavioral pattern of such, cognitive theory attempts to make sense of behaviors. According to co gnitive theory of social psychology, knowledge needs to be comprehended through the acceptance of basic sketch of what human being knows about her or his surroundings. In this case, identification of important and less important or not- so- important social components need to be absorbed and then contemplated thus finalizing the conclusion of the entire concept. This is how an individual starts behaving according to the changes or social patterns she or he witnesses in due course of time. The cognitive process is often organized. It helps an individual construct a schema of her or his perception. According to the report of the schema it has to be taken in to certain consideration pertaining to the basic understanding of the self presentation (Williams Harkins, 2017). The theory of self presentation can also be taken in to consideration. As a matter of fact, it also looks in to the matter of self reflection and self presentation to the world. Self reflection theory constitutes the t rait of influencing the others in order to gain reward. Erving Goffmans play The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life has succinctly talked about the behavioral structure of the individuals (Hollebeek, Glynn Brodie, 2014). . As a matter of fact, it also looks in to the process of self reflection whereby the individuals are highly concerned about the way they present themselves to the world. The theory was indeed propelled by Goffman who uses stern imagery with the firm usage of theatrical advancement and imageries. As a matter of fact, it also looks in to the fact how a human being wants to persuade the entire world with the activities and expressions (Nesi Prinstein, 2015). This theory can be discussed with the help of social behavior of human in virtual world i.e. the social media cites with special reference to two different countries. First- the essay would focus on the socio-psychological discourse in terms of Singaporean society in addition to the US society. According to Times, the usage of social media has been quite important in terms of creating a proper understanding pertaining to the effective changes. A survey made by the Times on US society succinctly states that the social media activities of most of the youths have become intoxicating since it has become a mirror for their daily life. Certain discourses have been taken into certain consideration. According to Time social media has become a toxic mirror of most of the youths in the United States. Psychologists have found, due to robust change in the mode of social structure, the US society has undoubtedly become quite cohesive. There is obvious cross cultural conflict that leads the brown and black youths in the US society to come up to the so called white status by editing the pictures. It has been quite prevalent among the brown population who deliberately try to look alike the white population. Such thrive to advance the social level and reject the concept of otherization has immensely affected the social structure where skin color has become one of the major factors to survive in the social media. As a matter of fact, this has also become one of the basic structures impacting greatly upon the social construction of the youths. The youths concern about the body image has become most important factor for making such change. Body image constitutes self objectification, body surveillance, drive to thinness and so on. As a matter of fact, this has become quite important in terms of making it as actual a cause as it has been stated. On the other hand Singaporean youths have been concerning about the same issues. In the Singaporean context, the issues related to the disclosure of the emotions have also been taken in to certain consideration. Scholars have observed that the relation between the online network structure and emotional disclosure structure the basic has been inseparable since the social media provides the users with a virtual stage where they can easily disclose how they keep feeling about the real world (Smith, 2015). As per the theory suggested by Goffman it needs to be specified how the facial expressions and interpretation focuses on the self proclamation of individuals. Freuds concept of Narcissism can also be taken in to consideration however; such practices evidently portray the fact that the users are more concerned about establishing the artificial identity to the world rather than making it spontaneous. According to Csibra and Gergely (2012), emotional sharing in Facbook is indeed self rewa rding that facilitates social interaction. Since this has become one of the major understanding of the basic factors. As a matter of fact, the most important feature of such case has been nothing more than self- proclamation of beauty and observation of artificial social acceptance References: Hollebeek, L. D., Glynn, M. S., Brodie, R. J. (2014). Consumer brand engagement in social media: Conceptualization, scale development and validation.Journal of interactive marketing,28(2), 149-165. McDougall, W., (2015).An introduction to social psychology. Psychology Press. Nesi, J., Prinstein, M. J. (2015). Using social media for social comparison and feedback-seeking: gender and popularity moderate associations with depressive symptoms.Journal of abnormal child psychology,43(8), 1427-1438. Parker, I., Shotter, J. (Eds.). (2015).Deconstructing social psychology(Vol. 21). Psychology Press. Pervin, L.A. ed., (2015).Goal concepts in personality and social psychology. Psychology Press. Roese, N.J., (2014).What might have been: The social psychology of counterfactual thinking. Psychology Press. Smith, E.R., Mackie, D.M. and Claypool, H.M., (2014).Social psychology. Psychology Press. Smith, J. A. (Ed.). (2015).Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Smith, J.R. and Haslam, S.A. eds., (2017).Social psychology: Revisiting the classic studies. Sage. Williams, K. D., Harkins, S. G. (2017). The Future of Social Influence in Social Psychology.The Oxford Handbook of Social Influence, 433.